全局变量和局部变量
1.全局变量（也叫外部变量）分为外部全局变量（extern修饰）和静态全局变量（static修饰）2.静态全局变量（static修饰）------只能在被定义在的源程序使用，而外部全局变量（extern修饰）既可在被定义在的源程序使用，也可以在别的源程序的函数引用
3.在函数前定义过全局变量，那在这个函数里面使用时，可以不说明，通常要在函数前做全局变量做说明
例如：
#include<stdio.h>
int a = 0;
void print()
{
printf("global variable a=%d\n",a);
}
int main()
{
print();
return 0;
}
全局变量a在print（）函数前有定义，所以在print（）函数中使用无需说明，但下面的代码将会运行出错。
#include<stdio.h>
void print()
{
printf("global variable a=%d\n",a);
}
int a = 0;//全局变量没有在print（）前声明
int main()
{
print();
return 0;
}
可以在print（）函数里面的printf（）语句前加一个 extern int a;
4.局部变量是相对于全局变量来说的，局部变量就是定义在函数体里面的变量。当然，由于形参相当于函数中定义的变量，所以形参也属于一种局部变量。
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